Psychoacoustical equivalents of tuning curves as determined by the post-stimulatory masking technique
Abstract
The method and results of measurements of psychoacoustical timing cur¬evs covering about 6500 individual judgements are described. Three experienced music students served as subjects in the experiment. The slopes of tuning curves obtained reach 1040 to 2200 dB/oct at the characteristic frequency 1 kHz. With reference to KIANG's [7], TONNDORF'S [16] and MOLLER's [10] data the importance of functions of the cochlear nucleus or the higher neurons in the perception of pitch is discussed.References
[1] G. VON BÉKÉSY, Über die Schwingungen der Schenckentrennwand beim Preparat und Ohrenmodell, Acust. Z., 7, 173-186 (1942).
[2] G. VON BÉKÉSY, Über die Resonanzkurve und die Abklinkzeit der verschiedenen Stellen der Schneckentrennwand, Acust. Z., 8, 66 (1943).
[3] E. F. EVANS, Unpublished data, Dept. of Communication, University of Keele, Keele, Staffordshire, England.
[4] T. HOUTGAST, Lateral Suppression in Hearing, Institute for Preception TNO, Ed., Soesterberg, the Netherlands (1974).
[5] A. JAROSZEWSKI, A. RAKOWSKI, Pitch shifts in poststimulatory masking, Acustica, 34, 220-223 (1976).
[6] A. JAROSZEWSKI, A. RAKOWSKI, Analogue modulator for psycho-acoustical pulse measurements, Arch. of Acoustics 1, 1, 25-31 (1976).
[7] N. Y. S. KIANG, T. WATANABE, E. C. THOMAS, L. F. CLARK, Discharge patterns of single fibres in the cat's auditory nerve, Res. Mon. No 35, M. I. T. Press, Cambridge, Mass. (1965).
[8] L. U. E. KOHLLÖFFEL, A study of basilar membrane vibrations II and III, Acustica, 27, 66-89 (1972).
[9] D. MAIWALD, Ein Funktionsschema des Gehörs zur Beschreibung der Erkennbarkeit kleiner Frequenz und Amplitudenänderungen, Acustica, 18, 81-92 (1967).
[10] A. R. MØLLER, Coding of sounds in lower levels of auditory system, Quart. Rev Biophys., 5, 59-155 (1972).
[11] J. O. NORDMARK, Mechanisms of frequency discrimination, JASA, 44, 1533-1540 (1968).
[12] A. RAKOWSKI, Pitch discrimination at the threshold of hearing, 7-ICA, Budapest, pap. 20 H6 (1971).
[13] A. RAKOWSKI, A. JAROSZEWSKI, On some secondary masking effects, Acustica, 31, 325-329 (1974).
[14] W. S. RHODE, Observations of the vibration of the basilar membrane in squirrel monkeys using the Mössbauer technique, JASA, 49, 1218-1231 (1971).
[15] A. M. SMALL, Jr., Pure-tone masking, JASA, 31, 1619-1625 (1959).
[16] J. TONNDORF, Cochlear mechanics and hydro-dynamics, in Foundations of modern auditory theory, Tob as, J. V., Ed., Academic Press, New York-London, p. 232 (1970).
[17] J. VERSCHUURE, A. A. VAN MEETEREN, The effect of intensity on pitch, Acustica, 32, 33-34 (1975).
[18] L. L. M. VOGTEN, Low-level pure tone masking and two-tone suppression, IPO Annual Progress Report, No 9, Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Holland 1974.
[19] 0. WILSON, Discussion to B. M. Johnstone, K. Taylor, Mechanical aspects of cochlear function in frequency analysis and periodicity detection in hearing, Plomp R., Smoorenburg G. F., Ed., Sijthoff, Leiden, A. W., § 970.
[20] E. ZWICKER, R. FELDTKELLER, Das Ohr als Nachrichtenpfänger, S. Hirzel Verlag, Stuttgart 1967.
[21] E. ZWICKER, On a psycho-acoustical equivalent of tuning curves, in Facts and models in hearing, E. ZWICKER, E. TERHARDT, Eds., Springer Verlag, 1974.
[2] G. VON BÉKÉSY, Über die Resonanzkurve und die Abklinkzeit der verschiedenen Stellen der Schneckentrennwand, Acust. Z., 8, 66 (1943).
[3] E. F. EVANS, Unpublished data, Dept. of Communication, University of Keele, Keele, Staffordshire, England.
[4] T. HOUTGAST, Lateral Suppression in Hearing, Institute for Preception TNO, Ed., Soesterberg, the Netherlands (1974).
[5] A. JAROSZEWSKI, A. RAKOWSKI, Pitch shifts in poststimulatory masking, Acustica, 34, 220-223 (1976).
[6] A. JAROSZEWSKI, A. RAKOWSKI, Analogue modulator for psycho-acoustical pulse measurements, Arch. of Acoustics 1, 1, 25-31 (1976).
[7] N. Y. S. KIANG, T. WATANABE, E. C. THOMAS, L. F. CLARK, Discharge patterns of single fibres in the cat's auditory nerve, Res. Mon. No 35, M. I. T. Press, Cambridge, Mass. (1965).
[8] L. U. E. KOHLLÖFFEL, A study of basilar membrane vibrations II and III, Acustica, 27, 66-89 (1972).
[9] D. MAIWALD, Ein Funktionsschema des Gehörs zur Beschreibung der Erkennbarkeit kleiner Frequenz und Amplitudenänderungen, Acustica, 18, 81-92 (1967).
[10] A. R. MØLLER, Coding of sounds in lower levels of auditory system, Quart. Rev Biophys., 5, 59-155 (1972).
[11] J. O. NORDMARK, Mechanisms of frequency discrimination, JASA, 44, 1533-1540 (1968).
[12] A. RAKOWSKI, Pitch discrimination at the threshold of hearing, 7-ICA, Budapest, pap. 20 H6 (1971).
[13] A. RAKOWSKI, A. JAROSZEWSKI, On some secondary masking effects, Acustica, 31, 325-329 (1974).
[14] W. S. RHODE, Observations of the vibration of the basilar membrane in squirrel monkeys using the Mössbauer technique, JASA, 49, 1218-1231 (1971).
[15] A. M. SMALL, Jr., Pure-tone masking, JASA, 31, 1619-1625 (1959).
[16] J. TONNDORF, Cochlear mechanics and hydro-dynamics, in Foundations of modern auditory theory, Tob as, J. V., Ed., Academic Press, New York-London, p. 232 (1970).
[17] J. VERSCHUURE, A. A. VAN MEETEREN, The effect of intensity on pitch, Acustica, 32, 33-34 (1975).
[18] L. L. M. VOGTEN, Low-level pure tone masking and two-tone suppression, IPO Annual Progress Report, No 9, Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Holland 1974.
[19] 0. WILSON, Discussion to B. M. Johnstone, K. Taylor, Mechanical aspects of cochlear function in frequency analysis and periodicity detection in hearing, Plomp R., Smoorenburg G. F., Ed., Sijthoff, Leiden, A. W., § 970.
[20] E. ZWICKER, R. FELDTKELLER, Das Ohr als Nachrichtenpfänger, S. Hirzel Verlag, Stuttgart 1967.
[21] E. ZWICKER, On a psycho-acoustical equivalent of tuning curves, in Facts and models in hearing, E. ZWICKER, E. TERHARDT, Eds., Springer Verlag, 1974.
