Abstract
In this paper, a four-pole system matrix for evaluating acoustic performance (STL) is derived using a decoupled numerical method. During the optimization process, a simulated annealing (SA) method, which is a robust scheme utilized to search for the global optimum by imitating a physical annealing process, is used. Prior to dealing with a broadband noise, to recheck the SA method’s reliability, the STL’s maximization relative to a one-tone noise (400Hz) is performed. To assure the accuracy of muffler’s mathematical model, a theoretical analysis of one-diffuser muffler is also confirmed by an experimental data. Subsequently, the optimal results of three kinds of mufflers (muffler A: one diffuser; muffler B: two diffusers; muffler C: three diffusers) have also been compared. Results reveal that the acoustical performance of mufflers will increase when the number of diffusers installed at the muffler inlet increasesKeywords:
multiple diffuser, simulated annealing, mufflerReferences
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10. Chiu M.C. (2013), Numerical assessment for a broadband and tuned noise using hybrid mufflers and a simulated annealing method, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 332(12): 2923–2940, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2012.12.039.
11. Chiu M.C. (2014a), Acoustical treatment of multi-tone broadband noise with hybrid side-branched mufflers using a simulated annealing method, Journal of Low Frequency Noise Vibration and Active Control, 33(1): 79–112, https://doi.org/10.1260/0263-0923.33.1.79.
12. Chiu M.C. (2014b), Optimal design on one-layer close-fitting acoustical hoods using a simulated annealing method, Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 22(2): 211–217, https://doi.org/10.6119/JMST-013-0503-1.
13. Chiu M.C., Chang Y.C. (2014), An assessment of high-order-mode analysis and shape optimization of expansion chamber mufflers, Archives of Acoustics, 39(4): 489–499, https://doi.org/10.2478/aoa-2014-0053.
14. Kirkpatrick S., Gelatt C.D., Vecchi M.P. (1983), Optimization by simulated annealing, Science, 220(4598): 671–680, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.220.4598.671.
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18. Peat K.S. (1988), A numerical decoupling analysis of perforated pipe silencer elements. Journal of Sound and Vibration 123(2), 199-212.
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21. Sullivan J.W., Crocker M.J. (1978), Analysis of concentric tube resonators having unpartitioned cavities, The Journal of the Acoustic Society of America, 64(1): 207–215, https://doi.org/10.1121/1.381963.
22. Yeh L.J., Chang Y.C., Chiu M.C., Lai G.J. (2004), GA optimization on multi-segments muffler under space constraints, Applied Acoustics, 65(5): 521–543, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2003.10.010.
23. Yeh L.J., Chang Y.C., Chiu M.C. (2006), Numerical studies on constrained venting system with reactive mufflers by GA optimization, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 65(8): 1165–1185, https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.1476.
2. Chang Y.C., Yeh L.J., Chiu M.C. (2004), Numerical studies on constrained venting system with side inlet/outlet mufflers by GA optimization, Acta Acustica united with Acustica, 90(6): 1159–1169.
3. Chang Y.C., Yeh L.J., Chiu M.C. (2005a), Shape optimization on double-chamber mufflers using genetic algorithm, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 219(1): 31–42, https://doi.org/10.1243/095440605X8351.
4. Chang Y.C., Yeh L.J., Chiu M.C., Lai G.J. (2005b), Shape optimization on constrained single-layer sound absorber by using GA method and mathematical gradient methods, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 1286(4–5): 941–961, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2004.10.039.
5. Chiu M.C. (2009a), Optimization of equipment allocation and sound-barriers shape in a multi-noise plant by using simulated annealing, Noise & Vibration Worldwide, 40(7): 23–35, https://doi.org/10.1260/095745609788921857.
6. Chiu M.C. (2009b), Simulated annealing optimization on multi-chamber mufflers hybridized with perforated plug-inlet under space constraints, Archives of Acoustics, 34(3): 305–343.
7. Chiu M.C. (2010a), Numerical optimization of a three-chamber muffler hybridized with a side inlet and a perforated tube by SA method, Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 18(4): 484–495, https://doi.org/10.51400/2709-6998.1897.
8. Chiu M.C. (2010b), Optimal design of multi-chamber mufflers hybridized with perforated intruding inlets and resonated tube using simulated annealing, Journal of Vibration and Acoustics, 132(5): Article ID 054503, https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4001514.
9. Chiu M.C. (2012), Noise elimination of a multi-tone broadband noise with hybrid Helmholtz mufflers using a simulated annealing method, Archives of Acoustics, 37(4): 489–498, https://doi.org/10.2478/v10168-012-0061-0.
10. Chiu M.C. (2013), Numerical assessment for a broadband and tuned noise using hybrid mufflers and a simulated annealing method, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 332(12): 2923–2940, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2012.12.039.
11. Chiu M.C. (2014a), Acoustical treatment of multi-tone broadband noise with hybrid side-branched mufflers using a simulated annealing method, Journal of Low Frequency Noise Vibration and Active Control, 33(1): 79–112, https://doi.org/10.1260/0263-0923.33.1.79.
12. Chiu M.C. (2014b), Optimal design on one-layer close-fitting acoustical hoods using a simulated annealing method, Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 22(2): 211–217, https://doi.org/10.6119/JMST-013-0503-1.
13. Chiu M.C., Chang Y.C. (2014), An assessment of high-order-mode analysis and shape optimization of expansion chamber mufflers, Archives of Acoustics, 39(4): 489–499, https://doi.org/10.2478/aoa-2014-0053.
14. Kirkpatrick S., Gelatt C.D., Vecchi M.P. (1983), Optimization by simulated annealing, Science, 220(4598): 671–680, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.220.4598.671.
15. Metropolis A., Rosenbluth W., Rosenbluth M.N., Teller H., Teller E. (1953), Equation of static calculations by fast computing machines, The Journal of Chemical Physics, 21(6): 1087–1092, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1699114.
16. Munjal M.L. (1987), Acoustics of Ducts and Mufflers with Application to Exhaust and Ventilation System Design, John Wiley & Sons, New York.
17. Munjal M.L., Rao K.N., Sahasrabudhe A.D. (1987), Aeroacoustic analysis of perforated muffler components, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 114(2): 173–188, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-460X(87)80146-3.
18. Peat K.S. (1988), A numerical decoupling analysis of perforated pipe silencer elements. Journal of Sound and Vibration 123(2), 199-212.
19. Sullivan J.W. (1979a), A method of modeling perforated tube muffler components I: theory. Acoustic Society of America, 66(3): 772–778, https://doi.org/10.1121/1.383679.
20. Sullivan J.W. (1979b), A method of modeling perforated tube muffler components II: theory, The Journal of the Acoustic Society of America, 66(3): 779–788, https://doi.org/10.1121/1.383680.
21. Sullivan J.W., Crocker M.J. (1978), Analysis of concentric tube resonators having unpartitioned cavities, The Journal of the Acoustic Society of America, 64(1): 207–215, https://doi.org/10.1121/1.381963.
22. Yeh L.J., Chang Y.C., Chiu M.C., Lai G.J. (2004), GA optimization on multi-segments muffler under space constraints, Applied Acoustics, 65(5): 521–543, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2003.10.010.
23. Yeh L.J., Chang Y.C., Chiu M.C. (2006), Numerical studies on constrained venting system with reactive mufflers by GA optimization, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 65(8): 1165–1185, https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.1476.
